Category: Computer Related

Moving the boot partition of Windows 7 to another drive

Sometimes when you install Windows 7 with more than 1 drive connected,
the System partition and System Reserved partition that contains boot files are put into different drives
this makes you unable to boot without both your drive connected.

To fix it :

  1. Mark the system partition as active in disk management
  2. Insert installation disc (to be used later)
  3. Power down system
  4. Disconnect any other drive except the one that contains system partition
  5. Turn power on
  6. Boot to the installation disc
  7. Use startup repair (it may take up to 3 times with a restart for each until it’s fixed)
  8. After doing this procedure, the System Reserved partition that’s in another drive can be safely deleted.

Notes : System reserved partition is not needed for Windows at all.
As long as you have the Windows installation disc and the boot files in your system partition, you should be fine.
For some laptops, using the usb 3 port for the installation flashdrive/dvd makes the MBR/boot loader fixing process to fails,
so make sure to use the standard usb port whenever possible.

Block any websites except the specified ones in Mikrotik

For this example we’re blocking everyhing except gmail and google, gstatic is for the images and icons in gmail

Make these two L7 Protocols :

  1. Name : allow
    Regexp : ^.+(gmail|google|gstatic).*$
  2. Name : block
    Regexp : ^.*$

Make these four firewall filters, make sure they’re in this order :

  1. Chain : forward
    Src Address :
    Protocol : 6 (tcp)
    Any Port : 80,443
    L7 Protocol : allow
    Action : accept
  2. Chain : forward
    Dst Address :
    Protocol : 6 (tcp)
    Any Port : 80,443
    L7 Protocol : allow
    Action : accept
  3. Chain : forward
    Src Address :
    Protocol : 6 (tcp)
    Any Port : 80,443
    L7 Protocol : block
    Action : drop
  4. Chain : forward
    Dst Address :
    Protocol : 6 (tcp)
    Any Port : 80,443
    L7 Protocol : block
    Action : drop

*Notes :
You can use src and dst address list to target more than one IP
For this example we’re blocking everyhing except gmail and google, gstatic is for the images and icons in gmail

How to set the permission of all files and folders quickly in Windows

Sometimes when moving or copying files using an administrator account, the permissions change so the files may not be accessible by any standard users.
To change all the files and folders’ permissions back :

  1. Change the standard account to admimistrator
  2. Log in using that account
  3. Right click the main folder that has all the files and folders inside
  4. Go to Properties > Security tab > Advanced > Change Permissions
  5. Add or edit the permissions to your liking and then tick the “Replace all child …” option
  6. Click OK then YES to apply the new permissions
  7. Change the account back to standard account

Tool to check real quality of audio files (e.g mp3, flac, wav)

Spek – https://www.spek.cc/

  • The spectrum of a FLAC (lossless audio) file should go well beyond 22khz
  • When the high frequencies are cut to about 20khz, that means you’re dealing with a 320kbps mp3 audio file
  • High frequencies cut to 16khz equal to a bit rate of around 192kbps 
  • High frequencies cut to 12khz tells you that the audio file has a bit rate of no more than 128, the lowest possible bit rate for an mp3 music file

Or use Audacity, as spek can only check mp3 one by one.

Binary vs ASCII when transferring files using FTP

This is for line breaks handling, ASCII is used to convert line breaks to match the destination operating system.

Basically use ASCII for plain text files (.txt, .php, .js, etc),and use Binary for any other files, or just use the AUTO setting in the FTP client.

More on this in here: https://serverfault.com/questions/110699…
Mirror: https://web.archive.org/web/20230521084…